1. Wastewater from the Oil & Natural Gas Industry: a technological challenge 1.1 Circular economy solutions for water reuse in Oil&Gas The oil and natural gas industry, commonly known as Oil & Gas, generates the energy needed to carry out numerous human and industrial activities. The high volume [...]

Water consumption and discharge in the Textile Industry The Textile Industry is one of the industries that consumes the most water, between 80 and 150 liters per kilogram of processed fabric, variable according to the nature of the material. The amount of water used in the manufacture of garments varies according to the type of fibers (cotton, cotton, cotton, [...]).

1. The Fragrances and Essential Oils Industry The Fragrances and Essential Oils industry can be included within the cosmetics industry, but with characteristics that make it different. The substances used in this industry are mainly solvents, alcohols and what stands out as a characteristic substance: Essential Oils. Given the great [...]

Introduction: Wastewater from the cosmetics industry The cosmetics industry is evolving in line with technological advances, product demand and increasingly restrictive environmental constraints on industrial waste emissions. In addition, the cosmetic industry is a water-intensive industry, and therefore, it is becoming increasingly [...]

Introduction: tanneries and wastewater Leather production and trade has increased considerably in recent years. It is a dynamic sector, in which exports have been steadily increasing. The main markets are Spain, Mexico, Korea and the United States, representing around 75% of total exports worldwide. Of [...]